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空間在展示設計中處于靈魂地位，展示活動需要傳達的信息必須通過空間展現(xiàn)在公眾面前，空間為我們的感知活動提供了場所，沒有空間，我們將無法獲得信息也無法和人交流。正確處理好空間的問題是展示設計中的精髓;正確認識空間與展示設計的關系是做設計的前提和基礎;較好的運用“空間”語言則可以賦予一個設計以實質(zhì)的意義和生命力。下面將討論展示設計中所涉及的空間的問題。
Space is the soul in exhibition design, and the information that exhibition activities need to convey must be transmitted through space. Space provides a place for our perceptual activities. Without space, we will not be able to obtain information or communicate with people. Proper handling of the problem of space is the essence of display design; The correct understanding of the relationship between space and display design is the premise and foundation of design. Better use of "space" language can give a design with substantial meaning and vitality. The space involved in presentation design is discussed below
1)采用動態(tài)的、序列化的、有節(jié)奏的的空間展示形式
Dynamic, serialized, rhythmic spatial display form
展示設計的空間最大的特點是具有很強的流動性，所以在空間設計上采用動態(tài)的、序列化的、有節(jié)奏的展示形式是首先要遵從的基本原則，這是由展示空間的性質(zhì)和人的因素決定的。人在展示空間中處于參觀運動的狀態(tài)，是在運動中體驗并獲得最終的空間感受的。這就要求展示空間必須以此為依據(jù)，以最合理的方法安排觀眾的參觀流線，使觀眾在流動中，完整地、經(jīng)濟地介入展示活動，盡可能不走或少走重復的路線，尤其是不在展示的重點區(qū)域內(nèi)重復，在空間處理上做到尤如音樂旋律般的流暢，抑揚頓挫分明有致.使整個設計順理成章。在滿足功能的同時，讓人感受到空間變化的魅力和設計的無限趣味。
The most important characteristic of the display design space is its strong fluidity, so the use of dynamic, serialized and rhythmic display form in the space design is the first basic principle to follow, which is determined by the nature of the display space and human factors. People are in a state of visiting movement in the exhibition space, they get the final sapce feeling during movement. According to this reason, display sapce must arrange the most reasonable visiting way, which can make audience visit totally and economically in dynamic way, avoid walking repeated route, fluency as musical melody. Let people feel the charm of space change and infinite interest of design while satisfying the function.
2)在空間設計中考慮人的因素，使空間更好的服務于人
Human factors make space serve people better
展示設計需要滿足人在物質(zhì)和精神上的雙重需求，這是在進行展示空間分析時的基本依據(jù)。人類需要舒適和諧的展示環(huán)境，聲色俱全的展示效果，信息豐富的展示內(nèi)容，安全便捷的空間規(guī)劃，考慮周到的服務設施等等，這些都是人類在精神上對展示設計提出的要求。這就需要設計師仔細地分析參觀者的活動行為并在設汁中以科學的態(tài)度對人機工程學給以充分的重視，使展示空間的形狀，尺寸與人體尺度之間有恰當?shù)呐浜?，使空間內(nèi)各部分的比例尺度與人們在空間中行動和感知的方式配合得適宜、協(xié)調(diào)，這是最基本的空間要求。同時人們應該是在一個舒適的環(huán)境中進行活動，如果不能創(chuàng)造一個給人以心理上親近溫暖感覺的空間，那即便是利用了*********展示手段的環(huán)境也只是冷冰冰的機械組成的沒有生機的軀殼。一個充滿人性化的展示空間才是一個“合情”、“合理”的設計。
Meeting both material and spiritual needs in display design is the basic fact of its analysis. People need comfortable and harmonious display environment, sensual display effect, informative display content and considerate service facilities,etc...These are spiritual needs for display design. This requires our designers carefully analyse visitors' behavior and give full attention to ergonomics with a scientific attitude in the design, and make appropriate match between space shape、size and people scale. Meanwhile, people should visit in a confortable atmosphere, if we can not create a warm space, there is only lifeless body of cold machines even if use the most advanced display methods. A design with hunmanized display design is"reasonable" design.
3)以最有效的空間位置展示展品
Showing products in the most effective sapce position
展品是展示空間的主角，以最有效的場所位置向觀眾呈現(xiàn)展品是劃分空間的首要目的。邏輯地設計展示的秩序、編排展示的計劃、對展區(qū)的合理分配是利用空間達到******展示效果的前提。因此，設計師中必須將空間問題與展示的內(nèi)容結合起來進行考慮，不同的展示內(nèi)容有與之相對應的展示形式和空間劃分。如商業(yè)性質(zhì)的展示活動要求場地較為開闊，空間與空間之間相互滲透以便互動交流，展品的位置要顯眼，對于那些展示視覺中心點如聲、光、電、動態(tài)及模擬仿真等展示形式，要給以充分的、突出的展示空間以增強對人的視覺沖擊，給觀眾留下深刻的印象。總之，給展品以合理的位置是展示空間規(guī)劃首要考慮的問題，也是能否做成一個成功的展示設計的關鍵。
Products are the protagonist of display space, the principal purpose of space division is to show products in the most effective position. Designing the exhinbition order logically、arranging the exhibition plan、distributing the exhinbition area reasonably are premise to achieve the best display effect. Therefore, designers should consider the combination of display content and space problem, different contents with different forms and space division. Commercial exhibition needs open field, space permeates with space, then can interact and communicate conveniently, products should be placed in the prominent position, for those products which are aimed to display sound,light,electricity,dynamic and simulation display forms, we should give enoough and prominent space to enhance visual impact, then can make audience leave deep impression. In a word, how to give the reasonable position for products is the principal problem, and it is the key for a succeeful display design.
4)保證展示環(huán)境的輔助空間和整個空間的安全性
Ensure the safety of auxiliary space and the whole space for display environment
在一些大型的展示活動中，可能包括各種儀器、機械、裝備及模型等需要消耗能源的設備。這些設備的運行大都需要一定的動力支持，如電力、壓縮空氣、蒸汽等，這些輔助設施也都需要占據(jù)一定的空間，而且必須考慮將這些設備的空間與展示環(huán)境隔離開，以防止噪聲、有害氣體的污染，并做好安全防范?？紤]好對這些輔助空間的處理是順利完成整個展示活動的保障。
There would be all kinds of facilities, models and machines in some huge exihibitions, most of these devices need power support such as electricity, compressed air and steam etc...these auxiliary facilities must take up some spaces, and we should separate facility space from exihibition space to aviod noises, noxious gas pollution, make good safety precaution. Handling these auxiliary spaces well is a guarantee to finish the whole exihibition successfully.
在空間設計的過程中，觀眾的需求是第一位的。所以必須重視展示空間的安全性。如參觀流線的安排必須設想到各種可能發(fā)生的意外因素，如停電、火警、意外災害等，必須考慮到相應的應急措施。在大型的展示活動中，必須有足夠的疏散通道和應急指示標志、應急照明系統(tǒng)等。為了給觀眾提供方便，展示的空間設計中要相應的考慮到觀眾的通行、休息的方便，盡可能地考慮到傷殘者的特殊需求，以謀求“無障礙”設計，這也是現(xiàn)代展示設計發(fā)展的一個趨向。
The audience requirement is the first place in space design, so we need to pay more attention to space safety, all kinds of accidents should be considered such as fire alarm, power cut and etc, meanwhile, emergency measures must be taken into account. In big exihibitions we must prepare enough exits,emergency indicationsigns and emergency lighting systems. To provide convenience to audience, traffic and rest convenience should be considered and as far as possible to think about the special needs of disabled person, to seek "barrier-free" design, this is a trend of modern display design.
